Certain bacteria, like Campylobacter and Helicobacter, have a distinctive curved or spiral shape and are important pathogens that cause gastrointestinal illnesses. This breakdown explains their features, how they are diagnosed, and how infections are managed. Campylobacter What is it? How do people get it? What does it cause? How is Read more…
One Health: A Global Approach to Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries In a world where humans, animals, and the environment are inextricably linked, the concept of “One Health” has never been more relevant. One Health, a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach, seeks to achieve optimal health outcomes Read more…
The Widal Test: A Flawed Diagnostic Tool in the Fight Against Typhoid Fever in Nigeria Typhoid fever remains a significant public health concern in Nigeria, with a high incidence rate and substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite efforts to combat the disease, the Widal test, a commonly used diagnostic tool, has Read more…
the World of Schistosoma haematobium: A Fascinating Journey Schistosoma haematobium, a blood-dwelling fluke worm, is one of six species within the genus Schistosoma that significantly impact human health. Let’s delve into its fascinating world: Taxonomy: Schistosomes are parasitic flukes found in blood vessels. S. haematobium is a major pathogen affecting humans. Unlike other Read more…
“Come In and Stain!” – A Memorable Journey with Gram Staining 1. The Basics: What Is Gram Staining? Gram staining is like a microbial fashion show, where bacteria strut their stuff in vibrant colors. Developed by Danish physician Hans Christian Gram in 1884, this technique helps us categorize bacteria based on their cell Read more…
Understanding Learning Styles in Medical Microbiology Introduction Medical microbiology is a fascinating field that delves into the world of microorganisms—bacteria, viruses, fungi, and more—that play a crucial role in human health and disease. As you embark on your journey through this subject, understanding your learning style can significantly enhance your Read more…
Introduction: Microbial pathogenesis is a multifaceted process whereby microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, employ an array of strategies to colonize, evade host defenses, and ultimately cause disease in humans. This article delves into the intricate mechanisms underlying microbial pathogenesis, encompassing virulence factors, host-pathogen interactions, and immune responses. Virulence Read more…
HYPOTHETICAL OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION INTO GUINEA WORM DISEASE Introduction and epidemiological features Guinea worm disease (GWD) is both one of many neglected tropical diseases that is driven primarily by poor environmental conditions. It remains a significant threat because of the possibility of resurgence given the impending threat of climate change. While Read more…
The Art of Deception: How Parasites Evade the Human Immune System Introduction Man’s relationship with parasites is remarkably interesting and seems to have evolved over time with both man and parasite evolving to the current state. Parasitic infections worldwide constitute a fifth of all infectious diseases. The burden is however Read more…
GENERAL CLASSES OF ANTIBIOTICS 1. Aminoglycosides 2. Cephalosporins 3. Tetracyclines 4. Penicillins 5. Sulfonamides 6. Fluoroquinolones 7. Macrolides 8. Carbapenems 9. Lincosamides 10. Glycopeptides There are 4 main mechanisms of action: Inhibition of folate synthesis Inhibition of DNA replication/synthesis Inhibition of protein synthesis Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Easy to Read more…